库存绩效

“库存绩效”控制面板是优化您的亚马逊物流业务的中心。在这个页面中，您可以寻找机会来提高销量、降低成本、追踪关键绩效指标，还可以与其他卖家对比绩效。

库存绩效指标

库存绩效指标 (IPI) 是衡量一段时间内卖家整体绩效的单一指标。亚马逊使用库存绩效指标来衡量卖家的亚马逊物流业务绩效。

您的库存绩效指标分数基于您在推动销售方面的表现，包括保持畅销商品有货，以及高效地管理现有库存。

影响 IPI 的分类

目前有四类建议可帮助您提高 IPI：

• 减少【冗余库存】以便提高收益

• 提高【售出率】以便平衡库存可售周数

• 修复【无在售信息】的商品以便确保库存可供购买

• 确保畅销商品【有货】，从而提高销量。IPI 控制面板会显示其中每个分类的绩效标准

• 优秀（深绿色）

• 良好（浅绿色）

• 一般（黄色）

• 较差（红色）

“库存绩效”页面还提供了每个因素的其他相关指标，您可以通过选择【显示更多详情】来查看这些指标。点击每个分类对应的【显示更多详情】框，即可查看相关的库存管理工具，这些工具提供了建议来帮助您提高绩效。

冗余库存百分比

由于存在仓储费和储存成本，储备过多库存会降低收益。要追踪您在这一分类的绩效并发现提高收益的机会，请使用【冗余库存百分比】，这是被确定为冗余库存的亚马逊物流库存商品所占的百分比。

除了绩效标准，“库存绩效”控制面板上还会显示与“冗余库存百分比”相关的三个指标：

• 【冗余商品】数量，是指储存库存的成本可能比采取相应措施（例如降低价格以提高销量或者清除冗余商品）的成本还要高的商品的数量。该值基于商品需求和成本（包括费用、商品成本和资本成本投入）。

• 【总预计仓储成本】，是在不采取任何措施提高销量或清除库存的情况下产生的预估费用总计，其中包括仓储费（含长期仓储费）和储存成本（如果适用）。

• “管理冗余库存”按钮表明有多少 SKU 存在更快售完库存的建议措施。点击【管理冗余库存】按钮可以访问“管理冗余库存”页面。

无在售信息的亚马逊库存百分比

因商品信息存在问题而无法供买家购买的库存会导致销量降低并产生仓储成本。此类库存称为【无在售信息的亚马逊库存】。此分类的绩效通过亚马逊上当前无法供购买的亚马逊物流库存商品所占的百分比或【无在售信息的亚马逊库存】百分比来衡量。

除了绩效标准，“库存绩效”页面上还会显示与“无在售信息的亚马逊库存百分比”相关的两个指标：

• 【无在售信息的商品】数量，是指在运营中心有库存但无在售信息的商品的总数。

• 【修复商品信息】按钮，表明有多少 SKU 在运营中心有商品但无在售信息。点击该按钮即可访问修复无在售信息的亚马逊库存页面。

亚马逊物流售出率

追踪您售出的商品与平均持有库存量的比率，有助于随着时间推移准确了解您的库存状况。即使您几周前刚刚向亚马逊发送了货件，也可以在业务报告中追踪您的商品详情页面获得的流量和转化率。通过使用商品推广进行推广、改善关键词或开展促销活动来提高商品销量，这样可对您的整体业务产生长久影响并能够使您的商品成为畅销商品。通过查看【亚马逊物流售出率】，追踪与您的销量相关的亚马逊物流库存并寻找机会提高流量和转化率，亚马逊物流售出率的计算方法是，您在过去 90 天内售出并配送的商品数量除以该时间段内您在运营中心的平均可售商品数量。

除了绩效标准，还有两个相关指标与亚马逊物流售出率一起显示在“库存绩效”控制面板上：

• 【售出商品数量（过去 90 天）】，是指在过去 90 天内售出并配送的亚马逊物流商品总数。

• 【提高售出率】按钮，可显示有机会提高售出率的 ASIN 的数量。点击该按钮即可访问“库龄”页面，查看相关建议。

亚马逊物流有存货率

保持可补货的畅销商品有存货，有助于最大限度地提高销量。要追踪您在这一分类的绩效，请使用亚马逊物流有存货率，这是可补货亚马逊物流 ASIN 在过去 30 天有货的时间所占的百分比，按每个 SKU 在过去 60 天售出的商品数量计算。

您可以在补充库存页面的【操作】列中点击【查看详情】，然后选择【隐藏建议】，以此表明某个 SKU 不可补货。隐藏与某个 ASIN 关联的所有 SKU，会将该 ASIN 从您的亚马逊物流有存货率计算和亚马逊物流预计销量损失中排除。

除了绩效标准，“库存绩效”页面的可补货亚马逊物流有存货率百分比下还会显示两个相关指标：

• 【最近 30 天内亚马逊物流的预计销量损失】，等于商品缺货时的预计商品销量乘以平均销售价格。

• 【立即补货】按钮，表明有多少 SKU 的供应天数短于备货时间。这意味着供应商可能需要加急配送订单，以免缺货。

常见问题

如何计算我的 IPI 分数？

我们根据您维持库存水平、修复导致库存无法供购买的商品信息问题以及保持畅销商品有货的能力来计算您的 IPI 分数。

提高 IPI 分数的最佳方式是什么？

拥有过多不产生效益的库存是造成 IPI 分数低的主要因素。虽然高销量商品的高存货率可以帮助您持续提高 IPI 分数，但提高 IPI 分数并尽可能降低亚马逊物流仓储费最佳方式是将库存保持在精益水平，同时确保您有足够的库存来减少销量损失。

您的 IPI 分数基于您的历史绩效，因此当前采取的措施需要一些时间才能完全反映在您的分数中。

亚马逊物流有存货率如何影响我的 IPI 分数？

您的亚马逊物流有存货率可以表明确保可补货的 ASIN 有货能够为您带来多少价值。例如，如果您的畅销商品出现缺货，您就会面临销量损失，这代表您错过了一个提高 IPI 分数的机会。但是，IPI 分数不会因缺货或您提供的库存类型而降低。

将 ASIN 标记为不可补货商品会如何影响我的 IPI 分数？

将 ASIN 标记为不可补货商品会将其从亚马逊物流有存货率计算中排除，这让您可以根据有存货率更好地确定，因可补货商品缺货而导致的销量损失是否会影响您的 IPI 分数。减少季节性商品和其他不可补货商品的亚马逊库存，可以帮助您提高 IPI 分数并尽可能减少亚马逊物流仓储费。没有库存和销量的 ASIN（包括不可补货商品）不会影响您的库存绩效指标分数。

我遵循了建议的措施。为什么我的 IPI 分数没有改善？

导致您的 IPI 分数没有改善的可能原因有两个。

1. 您的 IPI 分数基于您的历史绩效，因此当前采取的措施需要一些时间才能完全反映在您的分数中。

2. 提供的建议受限于会影响商品实际需求的诸多因素，其中包括价格变化、买家需求变化以及其竞争商品的变化。此工具提供的建议并不能保证卖家未来取得良好的业绩。

我在控制面板上看到 这个符号，这意味着什么？

该符号表示您在该影响因素方面的当前绩效在卖家中排名靠后，如果您不立即采取措施改善绩效，您的 IPI 分数将会受到影响。

我在控制面板上看到  这个符号，这意味着什么？

该符号表示您在该影响因素方面的当前绩效在卖家中排名靠前。您做得不错！

我为什么没有 IPI 分数？

IPI 仅适用于具有亚马逊物流库存且最近有账户活动的专业卖家。如果您是亚马逊物流的新用户或过去 13 周尚无活动，那么在系统记录到更多数据之前，您可能没有 IPI 分数。

为什么我的 IPI 是红色的，而“重要影响因素”是绿色的？

IPI 分数用于追踪衡量平均库存绩效，而影响因素反映的是当前绩效。提高 IPI 分数需要持续管理库存。再接再厉，您的分数肯定会有所提高。

亚马逊物流售出率如何影响我的 IPI 分数？

提高您的售出率可帮助您提高 IPI 分数，反之，售出率长时间降低（与售出的商品数量相比，持有的库存过多）可能会降低您的 IPI 分数。

亚马逊物流售出率是如何计算的？

亚马逊物流售出率的计算方法是，您在过去 90 天内售出并配送的商品数量除以该时间段内您在运营中心的平均可售商品数量。我们会通过您当天、30 天、60 天和 90 天前的库存水平快照来计算您的平均可售商品数量，然后取这些数值的平均值。例如： 您在过去 90 天内配送了 120 件商品，且在该时间段内的平均可售商品数量为 80 件。您的售出率将为 120/80 = 1.5，如下所示。

平均可售库存 = (50 + 40 + 150 + 80) / 4 = 80

售出率 = 120/80 = 1.5

我如何在售出率不为绿色时将冗余库存变为绿色？

对于指定商品，在确定库存出现冗余之前，您库存中必须至少有一件商品超过 90 天或其供货时间超过 90 天。您库存的供货时间可能不足以将其视为冗余库存，但您向亚马逊发送的库存足以对您的售出率产生负面影响。

如何提高售出率？

您可以通过使用商品推广进行推广、改善关键词或开展促销活动来提高售出率。 在“库龄”页面，您也可以筛选出低流量和低转化率提醒，查看建议的操作，并寻找机会提高售出率。您甚至可以考虑移除部分库存，以便更好地平衡您的销量和库存水平。

亚马逊官网原文详情：   

Inventory performance

The Inventory Performance dashboard is the hub for optimizing your FBA business. From this page you can identify opportunities to grow your sales, reduce costs, track key performance metrics, and compare your performance to other sellers.

Inventory Performance Index

The Inventory Performance Index, or IPI, is a single metric to gauge your overall performance over time. Amazon uses the IPI to measure the performance of sellers' FBA businesses.

Your IPI score is based on how well you drive sales by stocking popular products and efficiently managing on-hand inventory.

Categories that influence your IPI

Currently there are four categories of recommendations to help improve your IPI:

• Reducing excess inventory to increase profitability

• Increasing sell-through to balance your inventory weeks of cover

• Ensuring inventory is buyable by fixing listings that are stranded

• Increasing sales by keeping popular items in stock. The IPI dashboard displays a performance bar for each of the four categories

• Excellent (dark green)

• Good (light green)

• Fair (yellow)

  
  

• Poor (red)

The Inventory Performance page also provides additional metrics of interest within each factor, which you can see by selecting Show more details. Clicking the Show more details box associated with each category will take you to related inventory management tools, which provide recommendations to improve your performance.

Excess inventory percentage

Carrying too much inventory decreases profitability due to storage fees and holding costs. Track your performance in this category and identify opportunities to improve profitability using Excess inventory percentage, which is the percentage of your FBA inventory units that have been identified as excess.

In addition to the performance bar, three related metrics of interest are displayed with the Excess inventory percentage on the Inventory Performance dashboard.

• The Excess units quantity is the number of units for which the cost of holding your inventory would likely be more than the cost of taking action (such as reducing prices to increase sell through or removing excess units). This value is based on product demand and your costs (including fees, unit costs, and cost of capital inputs).

• Total estimated storage cost is the sum of estimated costs you would incur if you take no action to boost sell through or remove your inventory. This includes storage fees (such as the Long-term Storage Fee) and the holding cost of capital, if applicable.

• The Manage excess inventory button indicates how many SKUs have recommended actions to sell through inventory more quickly. Click the Manage excess inventory button to visit the Manage Excess Inventory page.

Stranded inventory percentage

When inventory is not available for purchase due to a listing problem it results in lost sales and storage costs. This inventory is referred to as Stranded inventory. Performance in this category is measured by the percentage of your FBA inventory units that are currently not available for purchase on Amazon, or Stranded inventory percentage.

In addition to the performance bar, two related metrics of interest are displayed with the Stranded Inventory percentage on the Inventory Performance page:

• The Stranded units quantity is your total count of units in a fulfillment center without an active offer.

• The Fix listings button indicates in how many SKUs have units in a fulfillment center but do not have an active offer. Click the button to visit the Fix Stranded Inventory page.

FBA sell-through rate

Tracking the ratio between your units sold and how much inventory you hold on average can be a good indicator of your inventory health over time. Even if you just sent a shipment to Amazon a few weeks ago, you can track how much traffic your product detail pages are getting as well as your conversion rates in your Business Reports. Giving your products a sales boost by advertising with Sponsored Products, improving keywords, or creating a sale can have a lasting effect on your overall business and the popularity of your products. Track your FBA inventory levels relative to your sales and identify opportunities to improve traffic and conversion by viewing your FBA sell-through rate, which is your units sold and shipped over the past 90 days divided by the average number of units available at fulfillment centers during that time period.

In addition to the performance bar, two related metrics are also displayed with your FBA sell-through rate on the Inventory Performance Dashboard:

• Units sold (past 90 days) are the total FBA units sold and shipped in the past 90 days.

• The Improve sell-through button displays a number that indicates the number of ASINs that have an opportunity to improve sell-through. Click the button to visit the Inventory Age page to see recommendations.

FBA in-stock rate

Keeping popular, replenishable products in stock helps maximize your sales. You can track your performance in this category using FBA in-stock rate, which is the percent of time your replenishable FBA ASINs have been in stock during the last 30 days, weighted by the number of units sold for each SKU in the last 60 days.

You can indicate that a SKU is non-replenishable at Restock Inventory by clicking View details in the Action column and selecting Hide recommendation. Hiding all SKUs associated with an ASIN will exclude the ASIN from your FBA in-stock rate and estimated FBA lost sales.

In addition to the performance bar, two related metrics of interest are displayed under the replenishable FBA in-stock rate percentage on the Inventory Performance page:

• Estimated FBA lost sales in the last 30 days is equal to the forecasted unit sales on days your products were out of stock multiplied by the average sales price.

• The Restock today button indicates the count of SKUs where the days of supply is less than the restock lead time. Orders from your supplier may need to be expedited to avoid going out of stock.

FAQ

How do I calculate my IPI score?

We calculate your IPI score for you based on how well you maintain inventory levels, fix listing problems that make your inventory unavailable for purchase, and keep popular products in stock.

What’s the best way to improve my IPI score?

Having too much unproductive inventory is the primary contributor to a low IPI score. While high in-stock rates on your high sales volume items will help you improve your score over time, the best way to increase your IPI score and minimize your FBA storage fees is to keep your inventory at lean levels while ensuring you have enough on hand to minimize lost sales.

Your IPI score is based on your historical performance, so actions you take today will take time to fully reflect in your score.

How does my FBA in-stock rate affect my IPI score?

Your FBA in-stock rate indicates how much value you're getting out your products by staying in stock on replenishable ASINs. For example, if you go out of stock on a popular product, your lost sales represent a missed opportunity to increase your IPI score. However, IPI points are not deducted for running out of stock nor for the type of inventory you offer.

How does flagging an ASIN as non-replenishable affect my IPI score?

Flagging an ASIN as non-replenishable removes it from your FBA in-stock rate calculation, allowing you to better determine from your in-stock rate if lost sales due to stock outs on replenishable products are affecting your IPI score. Reducing seasonal and other non-replenishable Amazon inventory will help improve your IPI score and minimize your FBA storage fees. ASINs – including non-replenishable products – with no inventory and no sales will not affect your IPI score.

I followed the recommended actions. Why hasn’t my IPI score improved?

There are two reasons your IPI score may not have improved.

1. Your IPI score is based on your historical performance so actions you take today will take time to fully reflect in your score.

2. The recommendations provided are subject to many factors that influence actual demand for your products, including price changes, consumer demand shifts, and changes in competing offers for those products. Recommendations are not a guarantee of future results.

I see a  symbol on my dashboard. What does that mean?

This symbol means that your current performance in the influencing factor is in the bottom tier of sellers and may affect your IPI score if you do not take steps immediately to improve your performance.

I see a  symbol on my dashboard. What does that mean?

This symbol means that your current performance in the influencing factor is in the top tier of sellers. You're doing an excellent job!

Why don’t I have an IPI score?

IPI is available only for Pro sellers with FBA inventory and recent account activity. If you are new to FBA or have not been active the past 13 weeks, you may not have an IPI score until more data is logged.

Why is my IPI red while my top influencing factors are green?

IPI score is a trailing measure of your average inventory performance, while your influencing factors are current snapshots of your performance. Improving your IPI score requires ongoing inventory management. Keep up the good work and your score will improve over time.

How does FBA sell-through rate affect my IPI score?

Improving your sell-through rate can help you increase your IPI score, and conversely, a decrease in sell-through (holding too much inventory compared to sales) may decrease your IPI score over time.

How is the FBA sell-through rate calculated?

Your FBA sell-through rate is your units sold and shipped over the past 90 days divided by the average number of units available at fulfillment centers during that time period. We calculate your average units available by taking a snapshot of your inventory levels today and 30, 60, and 90 days ago, then we average those numbers. For example: You shipped 120 units in the past 90 days, and you had an average of 80 units available during that time period. Your sell-through rate would be 120/80 = 1.5, as shown below.

Date	Today	30 days ago	60 days ago	90 days ago
Total units sold (cumulative)	120 units	50 units	10 units	0 units
Inventory available	80 units	150 units (new shipment of 150 units received)	40 units	50 units

Average available inventory = (50 + 40 + 150 + 80) / 4 = 80

Sell-through rate = 120/80 = 1.5

How can my excess inventory be green while my sell-through rate is not?

For a given product, you must have at least one unit of inventory over 90 days old or more than 90 days of supply before the inventory will be considered excess inventory. It is possible that your inventory is not yet old enough to be considered excess, but you have sent enough inventory to Amazon to negatively impact your sell-through rate.

How can I improve my sell-through rate?

You can improve sell-through by advertising with Sponsored Products, improving keywords, or creating a sale. On the Inventory Age page, you can also filter on low-traffic and low-conversion alerts to see recommended actions and opportunities to improve sell-through. You may even consider removing some of your inventory to better balance your sales and inventory levels.

文章来源：亚马逊官方网站